At the age of 75 Thomas Jefferson was engaged, with his friend James Madison, in the creation of a public university in Virginia. The curriculum to be offered would “expound the principles and structure of government; the laws which regulate the intercourse of nations, those formed municipally for our own government; and a sound spirit of legislation, which banishing all arbitrary and unnecessary restraint on individual action, shall leave us free to do whatever does not violate the equal rights of another.”
Wow! What a difference a few centuries can make. From our founding fathers understanding that a well-educated populace being necessary for self-governance to civic understanding today where the overall average score of a civics test given to a random sample of 2,508 Americans was a dismal 49 percent. This sample was conducted by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI) in their American Civic Literacy Program.
ISI made five major findings and one note of interest in their study.
Finding 1: Seventy one percent of Americans failed the test. While virtually everyone did poorly, the worst demographics were in the age of 25 to 34; females vs males; Asian vs other races; divorced or separated; with children; less than $30,000 income; affiliated with the Democrat party rather than any other; conservative political ideology rather than liberal or moderate; never served in the military; and attended church weekly or more often. Less than half those questioned could name all three branches of the government. Only 53 percent knew that the power to declare war belongs to Congress.
Finding 2: Americans agree that colleges should teach America’s heritage through instruction in history, key texts and institutions.
Finding 3: Higher education adds little to civic knowledge. Most colleges add civic knowledge value to an individual. And, in some cases, college graduates score more poorly on civics exams after leaving the institution than they did upon entry.
Finding 4: Television - including TV news - makes Americans lest civic literate. According to the ISI report, “… a person’s test score drops in proportion to the time he or she spends using certain types of passive electronic media. Talking on the phone, watching owned or rented movies, and monitoring TV news broadcasts and documentaries diminish a respondent’s civic literacy.”
Finding 5: An American with a bachelor’s degree is unlikely to have a solid understanding of the founding or Civil War eras, core constitutional principles or market economics. Only 54 percent of respondents could correctly identify a basic description of the free enterprise system.
Note of interest: Officeholders typically have less civic knowledge than the general public. Thirty percent of elected officials do not know that “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” are the inalienable rights referred to in the Declaration of Independence.
And, we wonder why we are losing our way. The loss of civic knowledge and understanding has lead to the decline of our nation. However, the information and resources are available for us to correct that deficit. Take responsibility to raise your own knowledge and understanding about what has made America exceptional. And, if you are an elected official, please consider some remedial education.
To read more results about the ISI survey and to test your own civics knowledge, go to http://www.americancivicliteracy.org/ .
